Summary of text [comment] page 45

I continue with page 45, where Schoonenberg accepted that “evil is a statistical necessity” for God’s creation and wondered whether it applies to the realm of freedom and morality, that is, to us.

[Perhaps I should summarize.

Failure of configurations and types is intrinsic to a spontaneous order.  Failure occurs.  Actuality slips back into the realm of possibility.  Spontaneous orders are amazing anti-entropic processes that are apparently (to us) full of design, implying instrumental causes and formal elements.

We evolved to see the instrumental and formal features that typify a designed order.  When we look at the spontaneous orders of the biological world, we intuitively see instrumental and final elements and, correspondingly, also see metaphysical and physical (that is, “natural”) evil.]