Ironically, Menninger, a Freudian Psychoanalyst, appears to have constructed a mandala, which exemplifies the logic of Carl Jung, Freud’s greatest disappointment.

One axis – the horizontal axis – of the mandala is crime(sin(symptom)).

The other axis – the vertical axis – appears to be a union of exclusive opposites: think^group(sin(conscience^lacking) and think^divine (virtue(conscience^free)).

Intersecting nested form for 8E

Let me put that into a picture.

At this point, we may envision an alternative to the entire nested form of group-think or think^group, sin, and lack of conscience or conscience^lacking.

That is think^group(sin(conscience^lacking)).

Menninger imagined that the clerics of post-modernism could capture the parallel alternate: think^divine(virtue(conscience^free)).

Let me put that into a picture.

In Chapters 7 and 8, Menninger argued this: A “sin” may also be regarded as a “crime” or a “symptom”, but that does not mean that “sin” is no longer important.

The nested form, crime(sin(symptom)) preserves this substance and adds another layer of sophistication.  Every “sin” is contextualized as “crime” and made possible by “symptoms”.

If narcissism is defined as “what makes sins of pride possible”, then the basic nested form of crime(sin(symptom)) becomes crime(sins of pride(narcissism)).

So far so good, now let us go to the other axis.

Menninger mentions both “moral dereliction” and “self-deification” (137) as possible labels for what makes “the sins of pride” possible along this axis.  Thus making the nested form “groupthink(sins of pride(self-deification))”.

“Moral dereliction” and “self-deification” belong to “lack of conscience”.

The first section is “sin manifested as pride”.

After listing various manifestations of pride, Menninger raised the issue of narcissism.

Narcissism is a “clinical term”, defined as “a disability that could respond to medical mending”.  But this does not preclude the view that narcissism is moral dereliction; that is, a “sin”.

Menninger’s conclusion:  Character correction should not belong to the private domain of any single professional discipline (137).

Consider this claim in terms of nestedness.  Sin belongs to the realm of actuality.  We have seen from previous blogs that “the possibility that underlies sin” is “symptom” (which would correspond to a clinical axis) and (from chapter 7) and “lack of conscience” (which would correspond to the group-think axis) – or perhaps – “free will” (which would correspond to a virtuous axis that seems to be an alternative to the group-think axis).

Now, apply this to the “sins of pride”. “Narcissism” belongs to the “symptom”. The two attitudes of “moral dereliction” (137) and “personal self-deification” (137) belong to the alternatives of  “lack of conscience” and perhaps, “free will”.

OK.  How about “free conscience”?

Chapter 8 is titled “The Old Seven Deadly Sins (and Some New Ones)”.

Here, Menninger explored the individual characteristics that make “acts that lack conscience” possible.

He started by listing the classic seven deadly “sins”, which are not really “sins” but “types of vices”.  Then he elaborated on them, offering sets of alternatives, nuances, and synonyms.

The body of the chapter consists of sections devoted to each set of vices.

Before going on to Chapter 8, let me revisit the blog 7A through 7F.

At the start of Chapter 7, Menninger turned from the axis of crime(sin(symptom)) to a new axis, tentatively labeled “collective irresponsibility(sin(the seven deadly “vices” (Chapter 8))”.

By the end of Chapter 7, we have a new label for this nested form: group-think(sin(loss of conscience))

Let me put that into a picture.

Intersecting nested forms for blog 7E

Now, back to the question lingering from Chapter 7: Why would individuals want to commit wrongs (as part of a group) that they never would have committed as individuals?

Answer:  These individuals would have committed the wrongs on their own – if they lacked (what a Christian would call) “conscience”.

Another way to say this is: “lack of conscience” makes sin possible.

We can put that into a new nested form: collective irresponsibility(sin(lacking conscience)).

Collective irresponsibility (or group-think) puts “acts that lack conscience” into context.